Weekly Current Affairs 8 to 14 September 2026: 136 Bilingual MCQs

Answer: (a) Literacy for people, the planet and prosperity

Explanation:

1. International Literacy Day is observed every year on September 8 to highlight literacy as a fundamental human right.
2. In 2026, the day marks its 60th anniversary, with the theme “Literacy for people, the planet and prosperity.”
3. UNESCO proclaimed International Literacy Day in 1966, with the first observance held in 1967.
4. At least 739 million youth and adults worldwide still lack basic literacy skills, while four in 10 children do not achieve minimum reading proficiency.
5. UNESCO’s 2026 global celebration is being held in Chiapas, Mexico, with education ministers, experts, teachers and students participating.
6. Key Fact: UNESCO proclaimed International Literacy Day in 1966, and the first observance took place in 1967.

Answer: (a) September 9

Explanation:

1. Himalaya Diwas is observed annually on September 9 to highlight the ecological, cultural and economic importance of the Himalayan region.
2. The 2026 observance has drawn attention to accelerating glacier loss and declining seasonal snow across the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region.
3. ICIMOD’s assessment indicates that glaciers lost 12% of their coverage and 9% of estimated ice mass between 1990 and 2020.
4. Snow persistence is 27.8% below average, marking the fourth consecutive year of below-normal levels.
5. Glacier and snow loss could affect water security, irrigation, hydropower and ecosystems across India and neighbouring regions.
6. Key Fact: Himalaya Diwas is observed every year on September 9 to promote awareness and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystem.

Answer: (a) September 11

Explanation:

1. National Forest Martyrs Day is observed annually on September 11.
2. The day honours forest personnel who lost their lives protecting India’s forests and wildlife.
3. It commemorates the historic Khejarli sacrifice of 1730 in Rajasthan.
4. The Bishnoi community, led by Amrita Devi Bishnoi, opposed the felling of Khejri trees.
5. More than 360 people died in the resistance, according to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
6. Key Fact: The day links the Khejarli sacrifice with modern forest and wildlife conservation.

Answer: (b) 1893

Explanation:

1. Digvijay Diwas is observed on September 11 to commemorate Swami Vivekananda’s historic Chicago speech.
2. Vivekananda delivered the address at the Parliament of the World’s Religions in Chicago in 1893.
3. His speech began with the famous words “Sisters and Brothers of America”.
4. He promoted religious harmony and opposed intolerance, sectarianism, bigotry and fanaticism.
5. The Parliament of the World’s Religions was held from September 11 to September 27, 1893.
6. Key Fact: Vivekananda used the platform to introduce India’s spiritual and philosophical traditions, particularly Vedanta, to a global audience.

Answer: (a) Solidarity Rising: Global Alliance for Inclusive and Innovative Development

Explanation:

1. The International Day for South-South Cooperation 2026 was observed on September 11.
2. The theme was “Solidarity Rising: Global Alliance for Inclusive and Innovative Development.”
3. The day promotes cooperation among developing countries through knowledge, technology and innovation exchange.
4. 2026 also marks the launch of the Global Alliance for South-South and Triangular Cooperation.
5. South-South cooperation supports solutions to climate change, healthcare, food security and energy challenges.
6. Triangular cooperation adds technical, financial or institutional support from developed countries or organisations.
7. Key Fact: The observance is supported by the UN Office for South-South Cooperation (UNOSSC).

Answer: (b) First Aid in Migration Contexts

Explanation:

1. World First Aid Day 2026 will be observed on September 12, the second Saturday of September.
2. The theme is “First Aid in Migration Contexts,” focusing on migrants, refugees and displaced people.
3. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies initiated the observance in 2000.
4. Modern civilian first-aid training began in 1878 at Royal Herbert Military Hospital.
5. First aid provides immediate assistance before professional medical help becomes available.
6. Its basic steps include ensuring safety, assessing the person, calling for help and providing appropriate first aid.
7. Key Fact: World First Aid Day was first observed in 2000.

Answer: (a) 14 September

Explanation:

1. Hindi Diwas is observed annually on September 14.
2. It commemorates the Constituent Assembly’s 1949 decision to adopt Hindi in Devanagari script as the Union’s Official Language.
3. Article 343 provides for Hindi in Devanagari as the Official Language of the Union.
4. Hindi Diwas has been celebrated annually since 1953.
5. Article 351 directs the Union to promote and develop Hindi.
6. The Constitution does not declare Hindi as India’s National Language.
7. Key Fact: World Hindi Day is observed separately on January 10.

Answer: (b) 25 September

Explanation:

1. Ganesh Chaturthi 2026 began on September 14, marking the birth of Lord Ganesha.
2. Lord Ganesha is worshipped as Vighnaharta, the remover of obstacles.
3. The Chaturthi Tithi began at 7:06 AM on September 14 and ended at 7:44 AM on September 15.
4. The auspicious Ganesh Sthapana period was from 11:02 AM to 1:31 PM.
5. The 10-day festival includes idol installation, prayers, aarti, modak offerings and processions.
6. Major celebrations take place in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
7. Key Fact: Ganesh Visarjan 2026 will take place on September 25, Anant Chaturdashi.

Answer: (b) Second Schedule

Explanation:

1. Coastal Local Area Bank Limited, headquartered in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, has received scheduled bank status.
2. The bank was included in the Second Schedule of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
3. It operates across Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and has 57 branches across 12 districts.
4. The bank has received approval to open 13 additional branches and expand into more districts.
5. As of March 31, 2026, it reported a net NPA ratio of 0.21% and CRAR of 24.81%.
6. Key Fact: Coastal Local Area Bank is reportedly the only scheduled bank headquartered in Andhra Pradesh.

Answer: (c) IndusInd Bank

Explanation:

1. Razorpay launched RAY, an AI-powered conversational Account Manager on WhatsApp, in partnership with IndusInd Bank.
2. RAY enables businesses to manage payments, settlements and support through text messages or voice notes.
3. Users can check settlement details, analyse trends, generate payment links, initiate refunds and receive alerts without opening a separate dashboard.
4. Unlike information-only AI assistants, RAY can take actions directly across Razorpay’s systems.
5. Built on Razorpay’s AI Agent Platform, it uses an intelligent agent with access to relevant tools, knowledge and memory.
6. Key Fact: Businesses had already completed more than 20,000 conversations with RAY during its early adoption phase.

Answer: (b) 70.0

Explanation:

1. The Global Fintech Fest 2026 is being held in Mumbai from September 8 to 11.
2. Its seventh edition focuses on Agentic AI, Tokenisation and Quantum technologies for trusted and inclusive financial systems.
3. Discussions are examining how emerging technologies can transform financial services, cybersecurity and digital assets.
4. India’s fintech ecosystem is supported by Digital Public Infrastructure, including Aadhaar, UPI and JAM.
5. The country’s Financial Inclusion Index increased significantly, reflecting wider access to financial services.
6. Key Fact: India’s Financial Inclusion Index rose from 43.4 in 2017 to 70.0 in 2026.

Answer: (c) 24 billion

Explanation:

1. Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Global Fintech Fest 2026 in Mumbai on September 8.
2. He called for fintech to expand beyond digital payments into credit, insurance, savings and pensions.
3. Modi highlighted the transformation brought by UPI, which processed more than 24 billion transactions in August 2026.
4. He encouraged stronger international linkages between UPI and foreign payment systems to reduce remittance costs.
5. The Prime Minister identified agentic AI, tokenisation and quantum computing as major technologies shaping fintech’s future.
6. Key Fact: UPI processed more than 24 billion transactions in August 2026 and operates across 11 countries.

Answer: (a) ₹2.96 crore

Explanation:

1. India lifted the trading restriction on Copthall Mauritius Investment, a JPMorgan Mauritius-based unit.
2. The restriction was removed after the entity deposited ₹2.96 crore in compliance with a SEBI order.
3. The case relates to alleged market manipulation involving trades in BSE Sensex derivatives.
4. The deposited amount reportedly represents alleged unlawful gains linked to the transactions.
5. Although the trading restriction has been removed, SEBI’s investigation into the alleged manipulation remains ongoing.
6. The case highlights SEBI’s continuing scrutiny of foreign investment entities and trading practices.
7. Key Fact: The regulatory action involved a ₹2.96 crore deposit ordered by SEBI.

Answer: (b) September 30, 2026

Explanation:

1. SEBI has proposed new governance norms for market infrastructure institutions (MIIs).
2. The proposals cover stock exchanges, clearing corporations and depositories.
3. The regulator aims to strengthen oversight of technology, cybersecurity, compliance and risk management.
4. SEBI has proposed wider eligibility for experienced directors and exemptions for companies with well-diversified shareholding.
5. The proposed rules also establish qualification and experience requirements for CTOs, CISOs, Compliance Officers and Chief Risk Officers.
6. MIIs would have to fill vacancies in these critical positions within three months.
7. Key Fact: SEBI has invited public comments on the proposals until September 30, 2026.

Answer: (c) Citi

Explanation:

1. Jio Payment Solutions Limited (JPSL), a subsidiary of Jio Financial Services, launched a cross-border payments platform for Indian exporters.
2. The launch followed RBI authorisation for JPSL to operate as a Payment Aggregator for Cross-Border (PA-CB).
3. Businesses can receive overseas payments through multi-currency virtual accounts, international cards and local payment methods.
4. The platform covers markets including the US, UK, Europe, UAE, Singapore, Malaysia and Australia.
5. Features include hosted checkouts, payment links, recurring invoices, APIs and real-time transaction tracking.
6. JPSL offers T+2 settlement, encryption, transaction monitoring and same-day FIRA/eFIRA documentation.
7. Key Fact: JPSL has partnered with Citi for international payment collection, compliance checks and settlement services.

Answer: (c) Near Field Communication (NFC)

Explanation:

1. RBI has introduced UPI features aimed at improving convenience, security and interoperability.
2. UPI Tap-to-Pay uses NFC technology for payments through UPI accounts and RuPay credit cards.
3. Payments below ₹5,000 can be made without entering a PIN at compatible PoS terminals.
4. MyUPI offers a unified view of UPI transactions and AutoPay mandates across banks and applications.
5. RBI has also introduced mobile-number unlinking, Safety Switch and automated chargebacks.
6. Key Fact: Bharat Connect’s multicurrency forex facility supports USD, EUR, GBP, CAD, CHF and AED.

Answer: (d) 2027

Explanation:

1. Pam Kaur will step down as HSBC Group Chief Financial Officer in 2027.
2. She was appointed Group CFO in October 2024 and became the bank’s first female finance chief.
3. Kaur played a key role in HSBC’s restructuring under Group CEO Georges Elhedery.
4. The restructuring included dividing operations into East and West regions, selected market exits and cost reductions.
5. HSBC has started searching for her successor and will consider both internal and external candidates.
6. Key Fact: Kaur is expected to leave her executive director position after the 2027 annual general meeting.

Answer: (c) 1 October 2026

Explanation:

1. The Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 2026 will come into force on October 1, 2026.
2. It replaces the 1891 law governing banking records used as evidence in court proceedings.
3. The new technology-neutral framework recognises physical, electronic, digital, virtual and cloud-based banking records.
4. It permits manual, digital and electronic signatures for certification.
5. Courts must record special reasons in writing before summoning bank officials when the bank is not a party to the case.
6. The Central Government can extend the Act to specified financial institutions.
7. Key Fact: The 2026 Act replaces the 1891 Bankers’ Books Evidence Act.

Answer: (a) 7.8%

Explanation:

1. India’s real GDP grew 7.8% in the April-June quarter of FY2026-27.
2. The growth rate exceeded expectations and surpassed the RBI’s earlier 7% estimate.
3. IMF official Julie Kozack attributed the strong performance mainly to robust services activity and exports.
4. MoSPI estimated real GDP at ₹81.36 lakh crore in Q1 FY27, compared with ₹75.46 lakh crore a year earlier.
5. The IMF welcomed India’s efforts to modernise its statistical framework through new IIP and PPI series.
6. Key Fact: India’s Q1 FY27 GDP growth stood at 7.8%.

Answer: (d) $740.803 billion

Explanation:

1. India’s foreign exchange reserves increased sharply to $740.803 billion.
2. The rise was supported by stronger foreign currency inflows and improved market liquidity.
3. Foreign Currency Assets increased by $47.498 billion to $648.168 billion.
4. The FCNR(B) deposit window attracted $127.226 billion by August 31.
5. Total inflows, including overseas foreign-currency borrowings and external commercial borrowings, reached $136.377 billion.
6. Gold reserves declined by $2.594 billion to $113.816 billion, while SDR holdings fell to $18.806 billion.
7. Key Fact: India’s forex reserves reached $740.803 billion.

Answer: (c) 9.92%

Explanation:

1. India’s Wholesale Price Index inflation rose to 9.92% in August 2026.
2. It increased from 9.78% in July 2026, according to provisional estimates.
3. Fuel and power recorded the highest annual inflation at 22.93%.
4. Manufactured products inflation rose slightly to 8.37%.
5. Primary articles inflation eased to 7.76%.
6. The WPI Food Index increased to 7.05% from 6.65% in July.
7. Key Fact: June 2026 WPI inflation was revised upward to 9.97%.

Answer: (d) Platform for Aggregating Clean Transport

Explanation:

1. NITI Aayog launched the Platform for Aggregating Clean Transport (PACT) at the 5th e-FAST India Summit 2026.
2. PACT will aggregate freight demand from shippers and logistics providers and convert it into deployment opportunities for electric medium- and heavy-duty vehicles.
3. The platform connects shippers, logistics companies, manufacturers, financiers, charge-point operators and technology partners.
4. India’s e-freight vehicle deployment increased more than fourfold, from 201 in FY25 to 826 in FY26.
5. The summit also introduced the ZET Marketplace to support financing, charging infrastructure and commercially viable zero-emission freight projects.
6. Key Fact: More than 3,000 electric medium- and heavy-duty trucks are currently operating across India.

Answer: (a) 10 million

Explanation:

1. Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal announced that India aims to attract 10 million international medical value tourists annually.
2. The announcement was made at the Sanjeevani 2026 expo in New Delhi on September 7, 2026.
3. Around 3.5 million international patients have already used Indian healthcare services during the past seven years.
4. The government’s roadmap includes transparent treatment pricing, NABH-accredited hospitals, easier payments, insurance support and language assistance.
5. India’s healthcare services can cost around 60% to 80% less than comparable treatments in developed countries.
6. Key Fact: India’s target is to attract 10 million international medical tourists every year.

Answer: (d) Platform for Aggregating Clean Transport

Explanation:

1. NITI Aayog launched the Platform for Aggregating Clean Transport (PACT) at the 5th e-FAST India Summit 2026.
2. PACT aims to accelerate the adoption of zero-emission vehicles in India’s medium- and heavy-duty freight sector.
3. It will aggregate freight demand from shippers, logistics companies and other stakeholders and identify deployment opportunities along freight corridors.
4. The platform will improve demand visibility, support charging infrastructure planning, and connect freight operators with vehicle manufacturers and financiers.
5. PACT is expected to strengthen the business case for electric medium- and heavy-duty vehicles by addressing demand, financing and infrastructure challenges.
6. Key Fact: PACT is a flagship initiative under e-FAST India, a government-industry platform for sustainable freight mobility.

Answer: (a) Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs

Explanation:

1. The Ministry of Coal and Coal India Limited launched India’s first sector-wide Comprehensive CSR Framework for coal companies on September 8, 2026.
2. The framework was developed by the Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA).
3. It aims to make CSR initiatives in coal-bearing regions more consistent, transparent and outcome-oriented.
4. Focus areas include healthcare, education, infrastructure, environmental protection and community welfare.
5. The framework complements the statutory CSR provisions under Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013.
6. Key Fact: Coal India has undertaken more than 1,050 bone marrow transplants under the Thalassemia Bal Sewa Yojana.

Answer: (d) Hamari Anganwadi, Hamari Jimmedari

Explanation:

1. The 9th Rashtriya Poshan Maah 2026 was launched on September 9, 2026, under Mission Poshan 2.0.
2. This year’s theme is “Hamari Anganwadi, Hamari Jimmedari” (Our Anganwadi, Our Responsibility).
3. The campaign focuses on dietary diversity, protein-rich diets, nutritious hot cooked meals, community participation and early childhood development.
4. Anganwadi centres will act as key points for nutrition, childcare and developmental initiatives.
5. The campaign also marks 10 years of the Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY), with efforts to identify beneficiaries and clear pending cases.
6. Special attention will be given to the first 1,000 days of life through early stimulation and developmental monitoring.
7. Key Fact: As of July 31, 2026, India had nearly 13.99 lakh Anganwadi Centres serving around 8.94 crore beneficiaries through the Poshan Tracker.

Answer: (b) Rang-e-Cinema

Explanation:

1. The first International Film Festival of Jammu and Kashmir (IFFJK) began in Srinagar on September 7 and will continue until September 10, 2026.
2. The festival is being held at the Sher-i-Kashmir International Convention Centre (SKICC) under the theme “Rang-e-Cinema.”
3. Organised by J&K DIPR with the National Film Development Corporation of India (NFDC), the festival features films from 41 countries.
4. A total of 135 films have been selected, including 64 Indian films, 13 from France and eight from Iran.
5. A major attraction is the floating cinema on Dal Lake, where audiences can watch films from shikaras.
6. Key Fact: Films from 41 countries have been shortlisted for the first IFFJK.

Answer: (c) President’s Colour

Explanation:

1. Union Home Minister Amit Shah conferred the President’s Colour on Goa Police in Panaji on September 7, 2026.
2. The honour recognises around eight decades of dedicated service, bravery and professionalism by the force.
3. Goa Police has introduced technology-driven initiatives, including an AI-powered multilingual agent for the 1930 cyber-fraud helpline.
4. Its emergency response time through 112 has been reduced from 18 minutes to eight minutes, assisting more than 20,000 calls.
5. Its adoption of new criminal laws reached 93.38%, while its conviction rate increased from 23% to 53% in one year.
6. Key Fact: Goa Police received the President’s Colour in recognition of eight decades of service.

Answer: (b) 0%

Explanation:

1. Tripura recorded a zero per cent primary school dropout rate during the 2025-26 academic year.
2. According to UDISE+ data, the primary dropout rate declined from 2.21% in 2013-14 to 0% in 2025-26.
3. The secondary school dropout rate also fell from 25.51% to 10.40% during the same period.
4. Initiatives such as NIPUN Bharat Mission and Saharsha Tripura contributed to improving foundational learning and student retention.
5. The state plans to establish Balvatikas in all 2,048 primary schools, along with residential schools and alternative learning pathways.
6. Key Fact: Tripura achieved a 0% primary school dropout rate in 2025-26.

Answer: (a) Secular Social Justice Victory Alliance

Explanation:

1. Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK), led by actor-turned-politician C Joseph Vijay, has named its Tamil Nadu alliance the Secular Social Justice Victory Alliance.
2. The name was finalised at the TVK headquarters in Chennai during a meeting of senior alliance leaders.
3. Congress, VCK, MDMK and Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) leaders participated in the meeting.
4. Discussions focused on preparing a Common Minimum Programme, forming a steering committee and appointing a convener.
5. The alliance name highlights secularism and social justice, while “Victory” reflects Vijay’s political branding.
6. CPI(M) and CPI leaders were absent from the meeting, while the bloc remains separate from the DMK-led Secular Progressive Alliance.
7. Key Fact: The alliance brings together TVK, Congress, VCK, MDMK and IUML.

Answer: (b) ₹500 crore

Explanation:

1. The Chhattisgarh Cabinet approved the Chief Minister’s Startup and NIPUN Mission on September 9, 2026.
2. The mission has a budget of ₹500 crore for five years and focuses on skills, entrepreneurship, industrial readiness and employment.
3. Entrepreneurship Development Centres will be established in all 33 districts.
4. The programme will include five industry Centres of Excellence and 100 Emerging Technology Labs covering AI, IoT, big data and blockchain.
5. The NIPUN Job Engine will connect trained youth with industrial demand.
6. The government also allocated 10 acres in Tendua village, Nava Raipur Atal Nagar, for a ₹200 crore National Skill Training Institute.
7. Key Fact: The mission combines youth skill development with industry-linked employment and entrepreneurship.

Answer: (c) Their calls

Explanation:

1. Bhoramdev Wildlife Sanctuary in Chhattisgarh’s Kawardha district will introduce “bird hearing” technology for wildlife monitoring.
2. The sanctuary covers approximately 352 sq km and lies in the Maikal range of the Satpura hills.
3. Acoustic monitoring will identify birds through their calls, especially in dense forest areas where visual surveys are difficult.
4. The sanctuary forms part of the important Kanha-Achanakmar wildlife corridor.
5. Its ecosystem includes tropical moist and dry deciduous forests, streams and the Sakari River.
6. Bhoramdev supports tigers, leopards, sloth bears, gaurs, sambars, wild boars and more than 100 bird species.
7. Key Fact: The technology will use bird calls as an additional tool for biodiversity monitoring.

Answer: (d) 20%

Explanation:

1. The Karnataka Cabinet approved the Karnataka Aerospace Policy 2026-31 to attract investment in aerospace technology and manufacturing.
2. The policy provides subsidies for aerospace industries in both focus and non-focus areas.
3. Investments in backward taluks can receive incentives of up to 10%, while most backward taluks can receive up to 20%.
4. The incentives also cover defence, automobiles, electric vehicles, electronics and semiconductor industries.
5. Under the Shramika Nivas scheme, 10,000 houses will initially be developed near workplaces for industrial workers.
6. Industries will receive ₹2,500 per worker for two years as an employment incentive.
7. Key Fact: Karnataka has combined aerospace investment incentives with worker housing and employment support.

Answer: (b) Article 371(K)

Explanation:

1. The Centre has proposed Article 371(K) as a special constitutional framework for Ladakh.
2. The proposal followed discussions with the Leh Apex Body (LAB) and Kargil Democratic Alliance (KDA).
3. The proposed governing body could have legislative powers over land, culture, language, forests, environment and natural resources.
4. Ladakh became a Union Territory without a legislative assembly in 2019 following the reorganisation of Jammu and Kashmir.
5. Its existing Leh and Kargil Hill Councils currently do not enjoy Sixth Schedule protection.
6. Key Fact: Article 371(K) is being considered as a Ladakh-specific constitutional provision.

Answer: (a) 12

Explanation:

1. The Gujarat Assembly passed the Ease of Doing Business Bill 2026 to simplify business regulations and government services.
2. The legislation amends 12 provisions across five state laws.
3. Eligible shops and commercial establishments can operate 24/7 under the revised framework.
4. It introduces self-declaration for new business registrations and a risk-based approach to fire safety compliance.
5. Eight additional state laws have been brought under the MSME facilitation framework.
6. Delayed applications or grievances under the Right to Public Services Act can trigger automatic appeals to higher authorities.
7. Key Fact: The Bill amends 12 provisions across five state laws.

Answer: (b) 17 September–17 October

Explanation:

1. Uttarakhand Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami announced the Service Sankalp campaign on September 11, 2026.
2. The month-long campaign will run from September 17 to October 17 across all districts.
3. It is aligned with the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision and aims to increase public participation in government initiatives.
4. Students, youth, women, beneficiaries, parents, public representatives and social organisations will participate.
5. Activities include student competitions, school plays, tree plantation, cleanliness drives, Anganwadi programmes and teaching initiatives.
6. District in-charge ministers will support implementation and highlight beneficiary experiences and local development outcomes.
7. Key Fact: The campaign will run for one month, from September 17 to October 17.

Answer: (d) November 30, 2026

Explanation:

1. The Supreme Court has fixed November 30, 2026, as the final deadline for the High Powered Committee (HPC) to submit its report on defining and delineating the Aravalli Hills and Range.
2. The court rejected the HPC’s request for another six-month extension until February 2027, while allowing interim reports on specific issues.
3. The matter follows the November 20, 2025 ruling that used a 100-metre local-relief elevation criterion to define Aravalli Hills and a 500-metre proximity criterion for the Range.
4. The earlier definition faced environmental concerns because ecologically important areas could potentially be excluded, leading the court to keep the ruling on hold.
5. A five-member HPC headed by Kanchan Devi was constituted in May 2026 to consult stakeholders, including tribal communities, and make recommendations.
6. Key Fact: The Supreme Court has given the HPC a final deadline of November 30, 2026 to submit its report.

Answer: (a) Panaji, Goa

Explanation:

1. Union Home Minister Amit Shah chaired the 28th Western Zonal Council meeting in Panaji, Goa, on September 7, 2026.
2. The meeting was attended by the Chief Ministers of Goa, Gujarat and Maharashtra and the Administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.
3. Shah described western India as the “WEST Engine” of India’s economy, representing Wealth, Exports, Startups and Tourism.
4. Discussions covered cooperative federalism, cybercrime, coastal security, green energy, PACS computerisation and welfare schemes.
5. Shah stressed digitisation of cooperative banks, adoption of MuleHunter AI, stronger coastal security and expansion of PACS computerisation.
6. Key Fact: Since 2014, Zonal Councils have held 71 meetings and resolved 1,445 of 1,893 issues.

Answer: (b) Bengaluru

Explanation:

1. Birkbeck, University of London received the UGC Letter of Approval to establish and operate its Bengaluru campus.
2. The approval clears the final regulatory hurdle under the UGC’s 2023 regulations for Foreign Higher Educational Institutions.
3. The campus at Sattva Tech Park will offer undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in business management and business analytics.
4. Degrees will be awarded directly by the University of London under Birkbeck’s academic oversight.
5. The campus is Birkbeck’s first overseas venture and is being established with Education Centre of Australia (ECA).
6. Key Fact: Tuition at the Bengaluru campus may be up to 60% lower than studying in the UK.

Answer: (c) Ekta Nagar, Gujarat

Explanation:

1. The 72nd National Film Awards ceremony will be held on September 22, 2026, at Ekta Nagar in Gujarat’s Narmada district.
2. The venue is located near the Statue of Unity, marking a departure from the traditional New Delhi venue.
3. President Droupadi Murmu is expected to present the awards at a temporary venue featuring a German aluminium structural dome.
4. The awards recognise films released in 2024, with Article 370 winning Best Feature Film and Yami Gautam receiving Best Actress.
5. The event is expected to enhance Ekta Nagar and the Narmada district’s cultural and tourism profile.
6. Key Fact: The 72nd National Film Awards will be held at Ekta Nagar, Gujarat, on September 22, 2026.

Answer: (c) Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan

Explanation:

1. Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan launched the India Valve Registry on September 5, 2026, during India Valves 2026.
2. The multicentre registry will collect secure and anonymous real-world clinical data on transcatheter valve interventions.
3. It will generate evidence based on Indian patients, helping doctors evaluate treatment outcomes and clinical trends.
4. The registry will support improvements in the treatment of valvular and structural heart diseases.
5. It will also promote clinical research and collaboration among hospitals and medical institutions.
6. Key Fact: The India Valve Registry aims to convert individual medical experiences into collective evidence for better cardiac care.

Answer: (d) Over ₹35,000 crore

Explanation:

1. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on September 8, 2026, unveiled, dedicated and laid foundation stones for projects worth over ₹35,000 crore in Vadodara, Gujarat.
2. He highlighted the completion of the 2,800-km Eastern and Western Dedicated Freight Corridors.
3. The freight corridors now enable more than 430 trains daily, improving the movement of goods.
4. Modi also highlighted railway modernisation, C-295 aircraft manufacturing, renewable energy and the floating solar project at Kadana Dam.
5. Under PM Surya Ghar, 55 lakh families have reportedly become electricity producers, while youth-focused initiatives include AI training and free competitive-exam coaching.
6. Key Fact: The Eastern and Western Dedicated Freight Corridors together span 2,800 km.

Answer: (a) Three

Explanation:

1. The Central government approved the appointment of Santosh Sharma, Sushma Sawant and Sudhir Kumar as judges of the Chhattisgarh High Court.
2. The appointments were approved on September 8, 2026.
3. They followed the recommendation of the Supreme Court Collegium, which approved their elevation on August 18.
4. Law Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal announced the appointments.
5. The appointments are expected to strengthen the judicial capacity of the Chhattisgarh High Court.
6. Key Fact: The Supreme Court Collegium recommended the elevation of the three judicial officers on August 18, 2026.

Answer: (a) 500 crore

Explanation:

1. UIDAI launched the Aadhaar Face Authentication SDK and Sandbox at the Global Fintech Fest 2026.
2. The SDK allows banks, fintech companies, insurers and other organisations to integrate Aadhaar face authentication directly into Android and iOS applications.
3. Users will no longer need a separate Aadhaar FaceRD app when organisations integrate the authentication facility into their own applications.
4. The Sandbox provides testing facilities for consent, face capture, liveness detection, authentication, error handling, spoofing and network interruptions.
5. The technology uses AI/ML-based liveness detection and anti-spoofing while encrypting authentication data.
6. UIDAI also launched a BFSI onboarding playbook to support financial-sector organisations.
7. Key Fact: Aadhaar Face Authentication has crossed 500 crore transactions and is used by nearly 200 organisations since its rollout in 2021.

Answer: (b) ₹10,021 crore

Explanation:

1. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved five railway multitracking projects worth ₹10,021 crore.
2. The projects cover around 540 km across Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Telangana.
3. The routes include Arakkonam–Renigunta, Whitefield–Bangarapet, Hosur–Omalur, Salem–Karur–Dindigul and Secunderabad–Kazipet.
4. The projects will cover 17 districts and 2,121 villages, benefiting nearly 52 lakh people.
5. They are expected to increase freight-handling capacity by 47 million tonnes annually, including coal, cement, steel, automobiles and food grains.
6. The projects aim to reduce railway congestion, logistics costs, oil consumption and carbon emissions.
7. Key Fact: The five projects are targeted for completion by 2029-30.

Answer: (c) 0.047-0.05°C

Explanation:

1. India contributed approximately 0.047–0.05°C to global warming by 2024, according to research published in Environmental Research Communications.
2. India’s contribution remains below that of major emitters such as the United States, China, the European Union and Russia.
3. The study found that India’s warming contribution has increased significantly since 1990.
4. The United States contributed about 0.27°C, China around 0.19°C and the European Union approximately 0.17°C.
5. India’s impact is driven mainly by carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel use, particularly in the energy sector.
6. Agriculture also contributes significantly through methane and nitrous oxide emissions.
7. Key Fact: Agriculture accounts for roughly one-third to two-fifths of India’s total warming impact.

Answer: (d) Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers

Explanation:

1. India launched ORV Sagar Manthan in Kolkata on September 9, 2026.
2. The multidisciplinary ocean research vessel was built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) for NCPOR.
3. The vessel has an estimated cost of ₹840 crore and was developed under the Deep Ocean Mission.
4. It is designed for all-weather operations, including research missions in the Southern Ocean, with a service life of around 30 years.
5. Its equipment includes dynamic positioning, multibeam bathymetry, seismic systems and ROV/AUV deployment capabilities.
6. Sagar Manthan will support deep-sea exploration, climate research, marine studies and exploration of hydrothermal sulphides.
7. Key Fact: The vessel is also known as Yard 3041.

Answer: (c) Rajmarg Yatra app

Explanation:

1. The FASTag One Tag system was launched on September 11, 2026, at the Global Fintech Fest 2026 in Mumbai.
2. It allows users to change their issuing bank without replacing the physical FASTag sticker.
3. The facility enables users to digitally shift their backend banking relationship through the Rajmarg Yatra app.
4. FASTag uses RFID technology to automatically deduct toll payments from the linked account.
5. More than 98% of national highway user fees are now collected digitally, with around 13 crore FASTags issued across India.
6. Key Fact: The government aims to reduce average toll-plaza waiting time to below 10 seconds.

Answer: (d) 25,000 years

Explanation:

1. Sediments beneath Bakhira Lake in Uttar Pradesh have helped reconstruct changes in the Indian Summer Monsoon over 25,000 years.
2. Researchers from the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences analysed magnetic, grain-size, geochemical and clay-mineral data.
3. The sediment record covers major climatic phases such as the Last Glacial Maximum, Younger Dryas and Holocene Climatic Optimum.
4. Bakhira Lake has been recognised as a Ramsar Site since 2022.
5. The lake lies within the Ghaghara-Rapti alluvial system and preserves environmental information from its surrounding catchment.
6. Key Fact: The findings can support better planning for water resources, agriculture, floods and droughts.

Answer: (c) 12

Explanation:

1. The Ramanathaswamy Temple in Rameswaram featured prominently at the 18th BRICS Summit in New Delhi.
2. Its image was used as the backdrop while Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed visiting BRICS leaders at Bharat Mandapam.
3. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is one of India’s 12 Jyotirlingas.
4. Located on Rameswaram Island, it is renowned for its massive corridors and distinctive architectural style.
5. The cultural backdrop highlighted India’s rich religious, architectural and Shaivite heritage during the diplomatic event.
6. The 18th BRICS Summit was held on September 12–13, 2026, under India’s BRICS chairmanship, focusing on inclusive global governance and multilateralism.
7. Key Fact: Ramanathaswamy Temple is one of India’s 12 Jyotirlingas.

Answer: (d) 5,068 km

Explanation:

1. Southern Railway has achieved 100% electrification across its 5,068-route-kilometre broad gauge network.
2. The final 71-km Pattukkottai-Karaikkudi section in Tamil Nadu was electrified after statutory inspection on September 9, 2026.
3. All routes can now operate using 25 kV AC electric traction.
4. Full electrification eliminates routine diesel-to-electric locomotive changes, improving operational efficiency and punctuality.
5. The move is expected to reduce diesel consumption, carbon emissions and dependence on imported fossil fuels.
6. Southern Railway’s electrification journey began in 1931, followed by the Madras Beach-Tambaram conversion to 25 kV AC in 1968.
7. Key Fact: Southern Railway completed its electrification journey after 95 years.

Answer: (a) 5,000 years

Explanation:

1. The National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC) at Lothal, Gujarat, has achieved around 82% physical progress in Phase 1A.
2. The revised completion target for Phase 1A is October 31, 2026.
3. The project has signed MoUs with 13 countries, including Portugal, UAE, Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore.
4. Around 1,492 artefacts have been prepared for installation, while several galleries and thematic areas remain under construction.
5. Future phases will include a 5D Dome Theatre, Lighthouse Museum, Maritime Research Institute, Museotel and Eco Resort.
6. The project aims to showcase India’s maritime history and strengthen Lothal’s position as a global heritage and tourism destination.
7. Key Fact: NMHC Lothal is being developed to showcase India’s 5,000-year maritime heritage.

Answer: (b) FSSAI

Explanation:

1. The Supreme Court has directed FSSAI to provide a scientifically justified timeline for implementing Phase II of Front-of-Package Labelling.
2. FoPL aims to warn consumers about packaged foods containing high levels of fat, sugar or salt.
3. Phase I covers products containing at least two specified nutrients of concern and highly sweetened beverages.
4. Phase II is proposed to cover products high in any one nutrient of concern.
5. The Court questioned the nearly decade-long delay in implementing the warning-label system.
6. It also sought details on proposed red hexagonal warning labels, including their size and prominence.
7. Key Fact: The next Supreme Court hearing is scheduled for September 28, 2026.

Answer: (c) Anantapur

Explanation:

1. The Department of Posts has forwarded a proposal for a commemorative postage stamp featuring Gooty Fort in Andhra Pradesh.
2. The historic fort, located in Anantapur district, is also known as Ravadurg and Gutti Kota.
3. Its inscriptions are associated with Western Chalukya ruler Vikramaditya VI.
4. The fort later came under the Vijayanagar, Qutb Shahi and Mughal rulers before being strengthened by Maratha general Murari Rao.
5. It combines Hindu and Islamic architectural elements and has a distinctive shell-like layout.
6. The complex includes temples, a dargah, bastions, wells, barracks, a gymnasium and Morari Rao’s Seat.
7. Key Fact: Gooty Fort consists of 15 interconnected smaller forts.

Answer: (d) 50 lakh

Explanation:

1. Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan described Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu as a “mini India” during his maiden visit.
2. More than 450 infrastructure projects worth around ₹13,000 crore have been undertaken in the Union Territory over the past decade.
3. Around 800 km of roads have been developed at a cost exceeding ₹4,000 crore.
4. Healthcare infrastructure has expanded with a medical college, 450-bed and 350-bed NAMO Hospitals and improved health outcomes.
5. Education infrastructure has added 21 schools, with 16 more under construction.
6. Tourism increased sharply, with annual visitors rising from 6 lakh in 2021 to nearly 50 lakh in 2025.
7. Key Fact: DNHDD’s annual tourist footfall reached nearly 50 lakh in 2025.

Answer: (d) Raigarh, Chhattisgarh

Explanation:

1. India has achieved a Guinness World Record for the world’s longest steel slag road.
2. The 1.85-km road is located in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh.
3. It uses processed steel slag, a by-product of steel manufacturing, as road aggregates.
4. The project demonstrates a waste-to-wealth approach to sustainable infrastructure.
5. CSIR-CRRI developed the indigenous technology with private-sector participation.
6. The technology could make roads nearly four times stronger and reduce construction costs.
7. Key Fact: The steel slag technology may reduce road construction costs by around 40%.

Answer: (a) Jan Soochna Seva

Explanation:

1. The Supreme Court introduced Jan Soochna Seva on Hindi Diwas 2026.
2. The initiative aims to make important judicial information easier for citizens to understand.
3. It will provide Hindi summaries of selected major judgments and orders.
4. Hindi audio and video bulletins of 15–30 minutes will also be available.
5. The service will benefit common citizens, litigants and people with disabilities.
6. It is initially available in Hindi, with plans to expand to other Indian languages.
7. Key Fact: Jan Soochna Seva aims to reduce communication barriers in accessing judicial information.

Answer: (b) Silicon to Systems: Building the Ecosystem

Explanation:

1. SEMICON India 2026 will be held at Yashobhoomi, New Delhi, from September 17–19.
2. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to inaugurate the event on September 17.
3. The fifth edition will follow the theme “Silicon to Systems: Building the Ecosystem.”
4. More than 600 exhibitors, including around 300 international companies, are expected.
5. Participants from over 40 countries will showcase semiconductor and electronics technologies.
6. India has approved 12 semiconductor projects, with three already entering commercial production.
7. Key Fact: India’s domestic semiconductor demand is projected to reach about USD 103 billion by 2030.

Answer: (c) Aizawl

Explanation:

1. The Bairabi-Sairang railway line completed one year of operations on September 13, 2026.
2. The 51.38-km corridor has brought railway connectivity closer to Aizawl.
3. It connects Mizoram with major cities such as Guwahati, Kolkata and Delhi.
4. The project includes 153 bridges and 45 tunnels covering nearly 16 km.
5. Passenger trains completed over 1,100 trips and carried more than 15 lakh passengers.
6. Freight operations transported cement, rice, fertilisers, construction materials and automobiles.
7. Key Fact: Passenger services generated around ₹54 crore in ticket revenue during the first year.

Answer: (d) Delhi Declaration on Drylands (3D)

Explanation:

1. The three-day Dryland Congress 2026 concluded in New Delhi on September 13.
2. It adopted the Delhi Declaration on Drylands (3D).
3. The Congress focused on transforming dryland agriculture through South–South cooperation.
4. The declaration stressed scientific innovation, reliable data and knowledge exchange.
5. Participants proposed living laboratories linking agricultural research with farming and policymaking.
6. New partnerships and MoUs were announced with organisations including ICRISAT and Global Crop Diversity Trust.
7. Key Fact: The inaugural ISSCA Global Awards 2026 recognised agricultural innovations from 34 countries.

Answer: (a) 12

Explanation:

1. The Ramanathaswamy Temple in Rameswaram featured prominently during the 18th BRICS Summit.
2. Its image was used as the backdrop while Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed visiting leaders.
3. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is located on Rameswaram Island.
4. It is one of India’s 12 Jyotirlingas and an important centre of Shaivite heritage.
5. The temple is known for its expansive corridors and distinctive architecture.
6. The BRICS Summit was held in New Delhi on September 12–13 under India’s chairmanship.
7. Key Fact: Ramanathaswamy Temple is one of India’s 12 Jyotirlingas.

Answer: (d) Bussy-Saint-Georges

Explanation:

1. The BAPS Swaminarayan Hindu Mandir in Bussy-Saint-Georges near Paris was inaugurated on September 6, 2026.
2. Consecration was performed by Mahant Swami Maharaj, while Prime Minister Narendra Modi participated virtually.
3. The temple is described as France’s first traditionally designed stone Hindu temple and the largest of its type in mainland Europe.
4. Construction began in April 2024, combining hand-carved stones from India with French engineering expertise.
5. A Jal Yatra on the River Seine attracted more than 5,500 participants, while the Festival of Culture is being held from September 2 to 14.
6. Key Fact: The temple is located in Bussy-Saint-Georges near Paris, France and is described as the largest traditionally designed stone Hindu temple in mainland Europe.

Answer: (a) January 1, 2027

Explanation:

1. The United Kingdom has included India’s Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) in its indicative list of overseas carbon-pricing mechanisms.
2. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) received confirmation that India’s CCTS meets the criteria under UK CBAM Regulations 2026.
3. The recognition allows importers of eligible Indian goods to claim relief for the effective carbon price already paid in India.
4. Covered products include iron, steel, aluminium, fertilisers, hydrogen, ceramics, glass and cement.
5. The development is important for Indian exporters ahead of the implementation of the UK’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.
6. Key Fact: The UK CBAM is scheduled to begin on January 1, 2027.

Answer: (b) 24

Explanation:

1. India joined the Global 6G Initiative launched on September 7, 2026, along with the United States and 24 other countries.
2. The initiative seeks international cooperation to develop secure, competitive and innovative 6G telecommunications.
3. India’s participation provides an opportunity to contribute to discussions on global standards, network security and technological competitiveness.
4. The move builds on wider India-US cooperation in areas such as AI, data centres and semiconductors.
5. Indian officials also participated in the G20 Innovation Ministers’ Meeting in North Carolina.
6. Key Fact: The Global 6G Initiative brings together the US, India and 24 other countries to shape next-generation telecom technologies.

Answer: (c) Seoul

Explanation:

1. The 27th World Knowledge Forum 2026 began in Seoul, South Korea, on September 8 and will continue until September 10.
2. The forum is being held under the theme “The Promethean Moment: Architecting the Co-Intelligence Order.”
3. Political leaders, business executives, academics and technology experts are discussing AI, human-machine collaboration and cybersecurity.
4. Discussions also examine AI’s potential impact on employment, national security and global economic competition.
5. Sessions cover emerging technologies such as personal AI, quantum computing, AI-powered glasses and augmented reality.
6. Key Fact: The 2026 edition is the 27th World Knowledge Forum.

Answer: (d) Five

Explanation:

1. Australia and India announced five industry partnerships in the space sector on September 8, 2026.
2. The agreements were announced at the 9th Bengaluru Space Expo and cover satellite infrastructure, spacecraft recovery and spaceport activities.
3. LatConnect 60 partnered with NewSpace India Limited to use Indian ground-station infrastructure for the SWIRSAT mission.
4. Other partnerships focus on spacecraft testing, hypersonic recovery, commercial missions, education and advanced manufacturing.
5. Australia has also supported India’s Gaganyaan programme through tracking and recovery assistance.
6. Key Fact: The two countries announced five new space-sector partnerships at the 2026 Bengaluru Space Expo.

Answer: (a) $20 billion

Explanation:

1. The US-Canada trade dispute has intensified following new US restrictions on selected Canadian products in government procurement contracts.
2. The restrictions target Canadian dairy products, most alcoholic beverages and motorcycles in certain contracts.
3. Canada has imposed retaliatory tariffs on around $20 billion of US imports, including steel, aluminium, cheese and farm equipment.
4. Canadian tariffs range from 15% to 50%, increasing pressure on businesses and integrated supply chains.
5. The dispute could raise costs for businesses and consumers while encouraging Canada to diversify trade beyond the US.
6. Key Fact: Canada’s retaliatory tariffs cover around $20 billion of US imports.

Answer: (a) Six

Explanation:

1. India and Sri Lanka signed three defence MoUs in Colombo on September 9, 2026.
2. The agreements cover the modernisation of six 40mm L70 air defence guns supplied by India.
3. Another agreement promotes cooperation between the National Cadet Corps of India and Sri Lanka.
4. The third agreement provides for academic exchanges between their National Defence Colleges.
5. India will finance the L70 upgrades through a government grant to strengthen protection of critical assets.
6. The two countries also inaugurated three Bailey Bridges and discussed an integrated real-time maritime surveillance grid.
7. Key Fact: Sri Lanka received the six L70 guns between 2000 and 2006.

Answer: (b) 2027

Explanation:

1. The UK has recognised India’s Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) as a carbon pricing scheme eligible for consideration under its CBAM.
2. The move could benefit Indian exporters of carbon-intensive products such as steel, aluminium, cement and fertilisers.
3. Carbon costs already paid in India under CCTS may be considered while calculating the UK’s CBAM liability.
4. This could help exporters avoid the impact of double carbon pricing.
5. Relief will not be automatic because UK importers must provide evidence required under British regulations.
6. The recognition follows technical discussions between India and the UK on carbon-market design and implementation.
7. Key Fact: The UK’s CBAM is scheduled to begin in 2027.

Answer: (a) $5,000

Explanation:

1. US President Donald Trump has proposed a universal $5,000 “Trump Dividend” for eligible adult American citizens.
2. The proposal would apply if Republicans retain control of the US Congress.
3. With around 270 million adult citizens, the programme could cost approximately $1.35 trillion.
4. The estimated expenditure would equal around 3% of US GDP.
5. Trump has suggested funding the payments through economic growth and increased tariff revenues.
6. Key Fact: The US federal deficit, already nearing $1.8 trillion, could rise above $3.1 trillion without offsetting revenue.

Answer: (a) Mumbai

Explanation:

1. The University of Bristol has opened its first international campus in Mumbai.
2. The Mumbai Enterprise Campus is located in Powai, opposite IIT Bombay.
3. It will offer programmes in finance and data science while promoting research, teaching and industry collaboration.
4. Students will have opportunities for global mobility, including study periods at the university’s UK campus.
5. The university has partnered with IIT Bombay for research and teaching initiatives.
6. Four Maharashtra students received full tuition waivers under the University of Bristol–Government of Maharashtra Scholarship.
7. Key Fact: Mumbai is the University of Bristol’s first international campus.

Answer: (b) Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership

Explanation:

1. Prime Minister Narendra Modi met Russian President Vladimir Putin on September 11, 2026, during the 18th BRICS Summit.
2. The leaders reviewed cooperation in trade, defence, energy, space, skills and people-to-people relations.
3. They welcomed the INNOPROM India 2026 exhibition as an opportunity to expand industrial and trade cooperation.
4. Regional conflicts in West Asia and the Black Sea and their impact on maritime trade were also discussed.
5. Modi reiterated India’s support for resolving conflicts through dialogue and diplomacy.
6. Putin invited Modi to Russia for the 24th India-Russia Annual Summit, which Modi accepted.
7. Key Fact: The two countries reaffirmed their Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership.

Answer: (c) 1,330

Explanation:

1. Prime Minister Narendra Modi gifted Russian President Vladimir Putin a Russian edition of the Thirukkural.
2. Traditionally attributed to Tamil philosopher-poet Thiruvalluvar, the classic contains 1,330 couplets across 133 chapters.
3. It covers themes including ethics, governance, justice, wealth, social conduct and love.
4. The work is divided into Aram (Virtue), Porul (Worldly Affairs) and Inbam (Love).
5. The exact age of the Thirukkural remains debated, with scholarly estimates ranging from 300 BCE to the 5th century CE.
6. The Russian edition contains the Tamil text, Roman transliteration and Russian translation.
7. Key Fact: The Thirukkural contains 1,330 couplets in 133 chapters.

Answer: (d) $100 billion

Explanation:

1. India and Russia have set a bilateral trade target of $100 billion by 2030.
2. Current bilateral trade stands at around $60 billion, while the countries are also working on a Bilateral Investment Treaty.
3. A separate investment target of $50 billion has been set for 2030.
4. Cooperation is expanding across railways, steel, civil nuclear energy, critical minerals, pharmaceuticals, IT, AI and advanced manufacturing.
5. Defence cooperation includes S-400 deliveries, BrahMos upgrades and discussions on possible Su-57 joint production.
6. India also aims to increase exports of pharmaceuticals, textiles, engineering goods and food products to Russia.
7. Key Fact: India-Russia bilateral trade is targeted to reach $100 billion by 2030.

Answer: (a) PM Modi’s February 2025 visit to Washington

Explanation:

1. India and the United States are expanding cooperation to improve the security and resilience of global undersea cable networks.
2. Undersea cables are critical for international data transmission and digital services.
3. Government and industry experts participated in an Undersea Cables Workshop under the US-India TRUST Initiative.
4. The US sees India as a potential major subsea digital infrastructure hub because of its digital economy and strategic location.
5. The TRUST Initiative promotes cooperation in AI, semiconductors, quantum computing, biotechnology, energy, space and defence.
6. The initiative also complements the US-India AI Infrastructure Roadmap for secure connectivity and AI infrastructure.
7. Key Fact: The TRUST Initiative was launched during PM Modi’s February 2025 visit to Washington.

Answer: (b) 140

Explanation:

1. The New Delhi Declaration 2026 was unanimously adopted during the 18th BRICS Summit.
2. The declaration contains 45 pages and 140 points.
3. It covers terrorism, global governance, trade, energy security and conflict prevention.
4. BRICS called for dialogue and diplomacy to resolve international conflicts.
5. It supported reforms of the UN and Security Council to increase Global South representation.
6. The declaration opposed unilateral trade barriers and supported a WTO-based trading system.
7. Key Fact: The New Delhi Declaration 2026 was unanimously adopted by all BRICS members.

Answer: (c) 65 years

Explanation:

1. India and Paraguay marked the 65th anniversary of their diplomatic relations.
2. Both countries highlighted their longstanding friendship, mutual respect and understanding.
3. Sustained dialogue has helped strengthen bilateral ties and people-to-people connections.
4. The two sides reaffirmed their commitment to cooperation in strategic areas.
5. They expressed interest in expanding economic and trade exchanges.
6. Both countries aim to develop new initiatives for mutual prosperity and benefit.
7. Key Fact: India and Paraguay completed 65 years of diplomatic relations in 2026.

Answer: (d) Gandhinagar

Explanation:

1. India will host the World Circular Economy Forum (WCEF) 2026 in Gandhinagar.
2. The forum will take place from September 15–18, 2026.
3. More than 2,000 stakeholders from over 65 countries are expected to participate.
4. The theme is “Circular Economy: Transition for People and Prosperity.”
5. Discussions will focus on sustainable production, resource efficiency, innovation and circular finance.
6. More than 125 exhibitors will showcase circular economy solutions at the International Expo.
7. Key Fact: WCEF 2026 aims to accelerate the global transition toward a circular economy.

Answer: (a) India, Australia, Japan and the United States

Explanation:

1. India, Australia, Japan and the United States conducted a two-day Quad tabletop exercise.
2. The exercise was held in Tokyo on September 3–4, 2026.
3. It focused on disaster response, logistics coordination and interoperability.
4. The exercise advanced the Quad Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN).
5. Participants worked toward developing Standard Operating Procedures for the IPLN.
6. The network aims to deliver faster humanitarian assistance and disaster relief across the Indo-Pacific.
7. Key Fact: The exercise focused on strengthening the Quad Indo-Pacific Logistics Network.

Answer: (b) China

Explanation:

1. China will chair BRICS and host the 19th BRICS Summit in 2027.
2. Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated China after the 18th summit concluded in New Delhi.
3. Modi said BRICS was entering its third decade and needed concrete results.
4. He called for greater participation from entrepreneurs, farmers, scientists, women and youth.
5. Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed strengthening the voice of the Global South.
6. Modi and Xi also held bilateral talks during the summit.
7. Key Fact: China will host the 19th BRICS Summit in 2027.

Answer: (b) Leo Puri

Explanation:

1. Asian Paints appointed veteran financial-sector executive Leo Puri as chairman-designate.
2. He is scheduled to take charge on January 23, 2027, succeeding R. Seshasayee.
3. Puri has also been appointed to the Asian Paints board for a five-year term extending until September 2031.
4. He has held senior positions at JPMorgan Chase, UTI Asset Management and Warburg Pincus.
5. Puri currently serves as India advisory chair at Apax and chairman of Fortis Healthcare, besides holding independent directorships.
6. Key Fact: Leo Puri is scheduled to become Asian Paints chairman on January 23, 2027.
7. Report & Rankings

Answer: (c) Lucknow

Explanation:

1. Lucknow ranked first among cities with populations above 10 lakh in the Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2026, scoring 198.
2. Indore ranked second with 197, followed by Jabalpur with 195.
3. Rourkela topped the 3–10 lakh population category, while Kalinga Nagar led cities with populations below 3 lakh.
4. The survey evaluates measures related to solid waste, road and construction dust, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions and particulate matter reduction.
5. Lucknow has introduced electric waste-collection vehicles, mechanised sweeping and legacy-waste management, although its annual PM10 level remains above the prescribed standard.
6. Key Fact: Lucknow scored 198 points to top the category of cities with populations above 10 lakh.

Answer: (d) Eighth

Explanation:

1. Noida secured eighth position nationally among cities with populations of 3 lakh to 10 lakh in the Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2026.
2. The city improved by one position compared with the previous year.
3. Its efforts include road-dust control, waste management, pollution monitoring, green-space expansion and public participation.
4. Mechanical road sweepers, water sprinkler tankers and anti-smog guns are being used to reduce dust pollution.
5. Construction sites are also subject to dust-control measures, while the city is promoting cleaner transport and expanding green spaces.
6. Key Fact: Noida ranked 8th nationally in the 3–10 lakh population category.

Answer: (b) Botswana

Explanation:

1. India appointed Gina Uika, a 2006-batch Indian Foreign Service officer, as its next High Commissioner to Botswana.
2. Uika is currently serving as a Joint Secretary in the Ministry.
3. She will represent India in Botswana and work to strengthen bilateral diplomatic and economic relations.
4. Her responsibilities will include cooperation in areas such as development, people-to-people ties and mutual interests.
5. The appointment is part of India’s regular diplomatic postings to deepen engagement with partner countries.
6. Key Fact: Gina Uika belongs to the 2006 batch of the Indian Foreign Service (IFS).

Answer: (c) Northern Coalfields Ltd

Explanation:

1. N Franklin Jayakumar has assumed charge as Chairman-cum-Managing Director of Northern Coalfields Ltd (NCL).
2. NCL is a Singrauli-based subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.
3. Jayakumar brings more than 34 years of experience in mechanised underground and opencast coal and lignite mining.
4. Before NCL, he served as Director (Technical), Operations, at South Eastern Coalfields Ltd.
5. His career includes work on coal production, mine modernisation, mechanisation and sustainability initiatives.
6. He has also worked with Singareni Collieries Company Ltd, NLC India Ltd and in Indonesia.
7. Key Fact: Jayakumar holds qualifications in Mining Engineering, Environmental Engineering and Management, and an MBA in HR Management.

Answer: (d) Vipul Misra

Explanation:

1. Vipul Misra has been appointed acting Chief Executive Officer of SriLankan Airlines.
2. He will continue to lead the airline’s engineering division alongside his interim CEO responsibilities.
3. The Kanpur-born aviation professional has more than 20 years of experience in aircraft engineering and airline operations.
4. He has worked with Air India, Vistara, IndiGo, SpiceJet, Kingfisher Airlines and Air Deccan.
5. Misra holds a Diploma in Aircraft Maintenance Engineering from Delhi Flying Club and a Master’s in Aerospace Law from NALSAR University of Law.
6. His technical and regulatory background is expected to support the airline during the interim leadership period.
7. Key Fact: SriLankan Airlines operates a fleet of 23 aircraft, including 10 Airbus A330s.

Answer: (a) Transforming Dryland Agriculture with South-South Cooperation

Explanation:

1. India is hosting the Global Dryland Congress 2026 from September 10 to 12 in New Delhi.
2. The three-day event is being held at the National Agricultural Science Complex.
3. ICAR and ICRISAT are jointly organising the Congress, bringing together scientists, policymakers, farmers and development partners.
4. The theme is “Transforming Dryland Agriculture with South–South Cooperation.”
5. Discussions cover climate resilience, crop breeding, nutrition, markets, farming systems, seed systems and youth and gender inclusion.
6. The event marks 50 years of the ICAR-ICRISAT partnership and is linked to the International Year of Women Farmers 2026.
7. Key Fact: The Congress is expected to conclude with the Delhi Declaration on Dryland (3D).

Answer: (c) 2035

Explanation:

1. Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the first International Space Summit in Paris on September 10, 2026.
2. He called for international cooperation, transparency, responsible data sharing and adherence to international law in space.
3. Modi highlighted that Indian rockets have carried more than 430 payloads from 34 countries.
4. He outlined plans for an indigenous space station by 2035.
5. India also aims to send an Indian astronaut to the Moon by 2040.
6. Key Fact: France was described as a trusted partner in Earth observation and advanced space technologies.

Answer: (d) New Delhi

Explanation:

1. India will host the BRICS Summit 2026 in New Delhi on September 12-13.
2. Russian President Vladimir Putin, Chinese President Xi Jinping and other global leaders are expected to participate.
3. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus are also expected to attend.
4. Discussions will focus on resilience in food, energy, health, disaster management and supply chains.
5. The summit comes amid geopolitical tensions, regional instability and changing global trade policies.
6. Key Fact: The BRICS Summit 2026 will be held in New Delhi.

Answer: (a) Sudhakar Dalela

Explanation:

1. Sudhakar Dalela, a 1993-batch Indian Foreign Service officer, is serving as India’s BRICS Sherpa in 2026.
2. He became Secretary (Economic Relations) in the Ministry of External Affairs in 2025.
3. Dalela has served as Ambassador to Bhutan and held diplomatic positions in Washington, Chicago and Geneva.
4. As Sherpa, he coordinates India’s positions, summit agendas, negotiations and inputs from ministries and working groups.
5. The first Sherpa/Sous-Sherpa meeting under India’s chairship was held in New Delhi on February 9-10, 2026.
6. Key Fact: Dalela is coordinating preparations for the September 12-13 BRICS Summit.

Answer: (c) Mathikettan Shola National Park

Explanation:

1. Researchers discovered a new lichen species named Buellia maharajensis in Mathikettan Shola National Park, Idukki, Kerala.
2. The saxicolous lichen grows directly on rocks at an elevation of around 1,351 metres.
3. It belongs to the genus Buellia and family Caliciaceae.
4. The species was named in honour of Maharaja’s College, Ernakulam, marking its 150th anniversary.
5. A wider survey recorded around 250 lichen species, including 60 new records for Kerala and 15 new records for India.
6. Key Fact: Buellia maharajensis was discovered in the biodiversity-rich Western Ghats of Kerala.

Answer: (d) 9 billion

Explanation:

1. Google DeepMind launched the AlphaGenome Atlas on September 8, 2026, as an open-access AI-powered resource for genomic research.
2. The Atlas contains 1 petabyte of AI-generated predictions covering 9 billion possible single-letter mutations.
3. It focuses heavily on non-coding DNA, which accounts for about 98% of the human genome.
4. Google also introduced the AlphaGenome Variant Impact (AVI) score to rank the potential effects of mutations.
5. The technology could help researchers study disease-linked mutations, genetic associations and gene regulation.
6. Key Fact: AlphaGenome Atlas covers 9 billion possible single-letter mutations across human DNA.

Answer: (a) YOLOv8n

Explanation:

1. Researchers at the ICAR-National Research Centre on Mithun in Nagaland developed an AI system to monitor mithun behaviour.
2. The system uses 12 high-definition CCTV cameras, computer vision and infrared monitoring for day-and-night observation.
3. A dataset of 3,000 manually annotated images was used to train the AI system.
4. YOLOv8n detects behaviours while DeepSORT tracks individual animals.
5. The system can identify feeding, standing, lying and mounting behaviours and may help detect health and reproductive changes.
6. Key Fact: The AI model achieved 99.5% mAP@0.5 and 99.6% recall, processing about 31 frames per second.

Answer: (b) CNES

Explanation:

1. TRISHNA stands for Thermal Infra-Red Imaging Satellite for High-resolution Natural Resource Assessment.
2. It is a joint Earth observation mission being developed by ISRO and France’s CNES.
3. The mission will measure Earth’s surface temperature, emissivity and environmental conditions using thermal infrared and visible/short-wave infrared imaging.
4. It will monitor water stress, water use, inland and coastal waters, urban heat islands, glaciers, snowmelt and volcanoes.
5. TRISHNA will carry CNES’s four-channel TIR sensor and ISRO’s seven-band VNIR-SWIR instrument.
6. It is planned for a 761-km sun-synchronous orbit, with 57-metre resolution over land and coasts.
7. Key Fact: TRISHNA will provide 1-km resolution over oceans and polar regions.

Answer: (b) 22 tonnes

Explanation:

1. ISRO successfully completed flight acceptance hot testing of the CE20 cryogenic engine for the LVM3-M7 mission.
2. The seventh operational LVM3 mission is scheduled for the fourth quarter of 2026.
3. The engine was tested at an uprated 22-tonne thrust level for the C32 cryogenic upper stage.
4. The test also demonstrated the LOX Tank Pressurisation Module (LTPM) for future C32 stages.
5. The LTPM is intended to support stages associated with the Gaganyaan programme.
6. Key Fact: ISRO reported that all test objectives were successfully achieved.

Answer: (b) 14 years

Explanation:

1. India’s HPV vaccination programme has crossed 80 lakh doses within six months of its launch in February 2026.
2. The free and voluntary programme provides a single HPV vaccine dose to 14-year-old girls at government health facilities.
3. Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Mizoram achieved 100% coverage of their identified target groups.
4. Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Assam crossed 90% coverage.
5. Uttar Pradesh leads in absolute numbers, with more than 22 lakh girls vaccinated.
6. The programme targets around 1.2 crore 14-year-old girls annually and is supported by awareness and screening efforts.
7. Key Fact: India’s HPV vaccination programme has crossed 80 lakh doses.

Answer: (c) SST-1

Explanation:

1. India has installed a new 82.6 GHz, 400 kW gyrotron on the SST-1 Tokamak.
2. The facility is located at the Institute for Plasma Research in Gujarat.
3. The gyrotron generates high-frequency microwave energy to heat ultra-hot plasma.
4. SST-1 uses powerful magnetic fields to confine plasma inside its doughnut-shaped chamber.
5. Indian fusion experiments have achieved temperatures exceeding 200 million°C.
6. The new system improves upon the earlier 42 GHz gyrotron.
7. Key Fact: SST-1 is an experimental facility and does not currently generate electricity through fusion.

Answer: (d) OPU-IVF technology

Explanation:

1. A healthy female Badri calf was born in Uttarakhand on September 11, 2026.
2. The calf was produced using Ovum Pick-Up and In Vitro Fertilization (OPU-IVF) technology.
3. A Badri embryo was transferred into a synchronised Sahiwal recipient cow.
4. The programme involved ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, and G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology.
5. Oocytes were collected from genetically valuable Badri donor cows and fertilised in vitro.
6. The technology can accelerate elite germplasm multiplication and conservation of Badri cattle.
7. Key Fact: The calf was produced through OPU-IVF technology using a Badri embryo.

Answer: (a) 60%

Explanation:

1. India has emerged as the world’s largest vaccine producer and supplier by volume.
2. The country supplies vaccines to more than 100 nations.
3. India accounts for nearly 60% of global vaccine production.
4. It meets more than 65% of WHO’s routine immunisation requirements.
5. India’s bioeconomy reached $195.3 billion in 2025, with 11,855 biotechnology startups.
6. Major achievements include GEMCOVAC-19 and vaccine candidates for emerging diseases.
7. Key Fact: India supplies vaccines to over 100 countries globally.
8. Defence News

Answer: (b) Exercise Samudra Laksamana

Explanation:

1. India and Malaysia conducted the fourth edition of Exercise Samudra Laksamana.
2. The exercise was held at Lumut, Malaysia, from September 9–12, 2026.
3. Indian Naval Ship Mysore participated alongside Malaysian ships KD Lekir and KD Gagah Samudera.
4. The harbour phase included professional exchanges and personnel interactions.
5. The sea phase involved coordinated maritime manoeuvres to improve interoperability.
6. The exercise strengthened operational coordination and maritime cooperation between both navies.
7. Key Fact: Exercise Samudra Laksamana is a bilateral India–Malaysia naval exercise.

Answer: (a) Sayahnam

Explanation:

1. Malayalam filmmaker, screenwriter and former Kerala government officer R Sarath died on September 7, 2026, at the age of 65.
2. He entered filmmaking with Sayahnam (2000), which won seven Kerala State Film Awards and the Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film.
3. His Indo-Chinese co-produced Hindi film The Desire – A Journey of a Woman won Best Narrative Feature Film at the Geneva International Film Festival in 2011.
4. Sarath also researched Kerala’s traditional murals under a Union Ministry of Culture Junior Fellowship in 1996.
5. He discovered rare Raja Ravi Varma paintings at Kilimanoor temple and retired as Deputy Director of Kerala’s Information and Public Relations Department in 2021.
6. Key Fact: R Sarath’s debut film Sayahnam won seven Kerala State Film Awards.

Answer: (c) Tung Chee-hwa

Explanation:

1. Tung Chee-hwa, Hong Kong’s first Chief Executive, has died at the age of 89.
2. Born in Shanghai on May 29, 1937, he came from a prominent shipping family.
3. He took control of Orient Overseas in 1982 and later became a major political figure in Hong Kong.
4. Tung became Chief Executive on July 1, 1997, when Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region of China.
5. He served as Chief Executive until March 12, 2005, before resigning from the post.
6. He later became Vice-Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee, a position he held until 2023.
7. Key Fact: Tung’s political legacy is closely associated with Hong Kong’s early post-handover period and the “One Country, Two Systems” framework.

Answer: (b) House of Glücksburg

Explanation:

1. Princess Astrid of Norway died peacefully on September 11, 2026, at the age of 94.
2. She was the last surviving child of King Olav V and Crown Princess Märtha.
3. Born on February 12, 1932, she remained a senior member of Norway’s royal family without becoming monarch.
4. Her younger brother, King Harald V, had died on August 28 at the age of 89.
5. Princess Astrid made her final public appearance at Harald’s state funeral on September 9.
6. Following her death, the Royal Palace flag was flown at half-mast as a mark of mourning.
7. Key Fact: Princess Astrid was a member of the House of Glücksburg.

Answer: (c) More than 12,000

Explanation:

1. Renowned Tamil scholar, professor and Pattimandram moderator Solomon Pappaiah died in Madurai on September 11, 2026, aged 90.
2. Born on February 22, 1936, near Madurai, he began his academic career at The American College.
3. He later headed its Tamil department before retiring in 1994.
4. Pappaiah popularised the traditional Pattimandram debate format through humour, scholarship and conversational Tamil.
5. He moderated more than 12,000 programmes and also wrote commentaries on works such as the Thirukkural.
6. He received the Kalaimamani Award in 2000 and the Padma Shri in 2021.
7. Key Fact: Solomon Pappaiah moderated more than 12,000 Pattimandram programmes.

Answer: (b) ₹1.10 lakh crore

Explanation:

1. The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), chaired by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, approved defence acquisition proposals worth around ₹1.10 lakh crore.
2. The approvals cover modernisation requirements of the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force.
3. Army proposals include CBRN reconnaissance vehicles, high-mobility vehicles, mine layers, Advanced Light Helicopters, trawl tanks and Sarvatra Bridge Systems.
4. Naval proposals include Arudhra radars and indigenous marine gas turbines, while the IAF will receive new electronic warfare capabilities.
5. Around 98% of the procurement value is expected to come from Indian industry, supporting Atmanirbhar Bharat.
6. Key Fact: The DAC approvals represent an Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) and do not themselves mean that contracts have been signed.

Answer: (c) 400

Explanation:

1. Tata Boeing Aerospace Limited (TBAL) delivered its 400th Made-in-India AH-64E Apache fuselage from its Hyderabad facility on September 7, 2026.
2. TBAL is a joint venture between Boeing and Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) established in 2016.
3. The Hyderabad facility uses robotics and automation to manufacture Apache fuselages for global assembly lines, including those serving the US Army.
4. TBAL delivered its first Indian-made Apache fuselage on June 1, 2018, and its 300th on February 10, 2025.
5. India currently operates 28 Apache helicopters, including 22 with the IAF and six with the Indian Army.
6. Key Fact: TBAL has now delivered 400 Made-in-India Apache fuselages from its Hyderabad facility.

Answer: (b) New Delhi

Explanation:

1. India and Morocco held the first meeting of the India-Morocco Joint Defence Committee (JDC) in New Delhi on September 8, 2026.
2. Discussions covered military training, joint exercises, peacekeeping, military medicine and cyber defence.
3. Both countries agreed to explore co-production, joint ventures, technology collaboration and defence manufacturing.
4. The JDC was established under a defence cooperation MoU signed in September 2025.
5. The visiting Moroccan delegation also engaged with Indian defence industries and military medical facilities.
6. Key Fact: The partnership comes ahead of the 70th anniversary of India-Morocco diplomatic relations in 2027.

Answer: (c) 280 km

Explanation:

1. Germany has reportedly tested the Israeli-developed LORA ballistic missile in the North Atlantic.
2. LORA is a road-mobile, single-stage ballistic missile that can be launched from ground or sea platforms.
3. It uses a solid-propellant rocket motor and has a reported range of up to 280 km.
4. The missile uses inertial and satellite-based navigation, with TV-based terminal guidance.
5. Its mobile launch capability provides operational flexibility for precision attacks against high-value targets.
6. Key Fact: LORA has a reported maximum range of up to 280 km and a payload capacity of up to 600 kg.

Answer: (d) Pokhran range

Explanation:

1. The Indian Air Force (IAF) will organise Dronathon-2026 at the Pokhran range in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.
2. The three-day event will be held from September 14 to 16, 2026.
3. It will focus on Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems (CUAS).
4. Defence companies, startups and innovators will demonstrate capabilities involving surveillance, reconnaissance, autonomous operations and electronic warfare.
5. A major focus will be on swarm drones and technologies designed to detect, track and counter hostile drones.
6. Key Fact: Dronathon-2026 will be held at the Pokhran range in Rajasthan from September 14–16, 2026.

Answer: (d) Tata Advanced Systems Ltd

Explanation:

1. Tata Advanced Systems Ltd (TASL) emerged as the L1 bidder for the Armoured Fighting Vehicle-Indian Light Tank programme under Project Zorawar.
2. The proposed programme involves a contract worth approximately ₹20,000 crore.
3. The project aims to develop a 25-tonne light tank suitable for high-altitude areas such as Ladakh.
4. Under the Make-I category, the government can provide up to 70% funding for prototype development.
5. TASL must develop and demonstrate two operational prototypes within 130 weeks.
6. Mahindra Defence Systems emerged as the L2 bidder and was also assigned prototype development work.
7. Key Fact: The tank is named after General Zorawar Singh Kahlon, a 19th-century Dogra commander.

Answer: (c) 52

Explanation:

1. Indian space company Dhruva Space and French aerospace firm Safran Space signed multiple contracts worth more than €5 million.
2. The agreements were signed at the International Space Summit in Paris on September 10, 2026.
3. The contracts cover satellite communication systems, inertial navigation units, optical payloads and ground stations.
4. The partnership is linked to India’s Space-Based Surveillance Phase-III programme.
5. The programme plans a 52-satellite constellation between 2027 and 2030 for border and Indian Ocean Region surveillance.
6. Key Fact: The constellation includes 21 ISRO, 15 Antaris, 8 Pixxel and 8 Dhruva Space satellites.

Answer: (d) Officers Training Academy, Chennai

Explanation:

1. Stanzin Tsangyang became the first woman officer from Kargil district to be commissioned into the Indian Army.
2. She was commissioned at the Officers Training Academy, Chennai, on September 5, 2026.
3. She is also the first officer from Zanskar district of Ladakh to join the Indian Army.
4. Tsangyang was born in Zanskar Valley and studied at Lamdon Model School in Leh.
5. She later pursued Mechanical Engineering at Tezpur University with a scholarship.
6. Key Fact: Her association with the National Cadet Corps inspired her to pursue a military career.

Answer: (a) Delhi class

Explanation:

1. INS Mysore arrived at Lumut Naval Base, Malaysia, on September 9, 2026.
2. It participated in Exercise Samudra Laksamana 4/26 with the Royal Malaysian Navy.
3. The exercise focuses on tactical briefings, professional interactions, cross-ship visits and improving interoperability.
4. INS Mysore is a Delhi-class guided-missile destroyer.
5. Malaysia participated with KD Lekir and KD Gagah Samudera.
6. Key Fact: The exercise is being conducted during the ASEAN-India Year of Maritime Cooperation 2026.

Answer: (b) MLIDS

Explanation:

1. The 22nd edition of Exercise Yudh Abhyas between the Indian and US armies began on September 9, 2026.
2. The exercise will continue until September 28 and introduces a two-theatre training format.
3. The first phase at Mahajan Field Firing Ranges near Bikaner focuses on desert operations and long-range precision fires.
4. The second phase at Auli, Uttarakhand, will focus on mountain warfare, air mobility and high-altitude logistics.
5. India is deploying Pinaka, K9 Vajra and M777, while the US is bringing HIMARS and AH-64E Apache helicopters.
6. Key Fact: The exercise includes the first Indian deployment of the MLIDS counter-drone system.

Answer: (d) 270

Explanation:

1. Ishan Kishan scored a record-breaking 270 runs for East Zone against South Zone in the Duleep Trophy final at Chennai.
2. He scored 270 from 334 balls, including 30 fours and seven sixes, helping East Zone reach 708 all out.
3. Kishan completed his maiden Duleep Trophy double-century from 270 balls and crossed the milestone of 4,000 first-class runs.
4. He briefly retired hurt on 250 but returned to the crease before being dismissed by spinner Tripurana Vijay.
5. He became the third East Zone batter after Arun Lal and Saba Karim to score a Duleep Trophy double-century.
6. Key Fact: Kishan’s 270 is the record-breaking score highlighted from the Duleep Trophy final and made him the first East Zone captain-wicketkeeper to achieve the feat.

Answer: (a) 503

Explanation:

1. The 503-member Indian contingent for the Asian Games 2026 received a grand send-off in New Delhi.
2. Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya urged athletes to convert pressure into performance and opportunities into achievements.
3. The official contingent jersey was unveiled in the presence of P.T. Usha, Sports Secretary Hari Ranjan Rao and Chef de Mission Sahdev Yadav.
4. More than 300 athletes in the contingent are set to make their Asian Games debut.
5. The government aims to strengthen India’s global sporting position by 2036, supported by major investments in sports infrastructure.
6. Key Fact: More than 300 Indian athletes in the contingent will make their Asian Games debut.

Answer: (b) 41

Explanation:

1. India finished fourth among 82 nations at the 2026 Pickleball World Cup in Da Nang, Vietnam.
2. The Indian team won 41 medals, comprising 7 gold, 17 silver and 17 bronze.
3. India improved from its seventh-place finish in the previous edition.
4. A 48-member Indian delegation competed across Kids, Juniors, Open, Seniors and Masters categories.
5. The Indian Pickleball Association emphasised strengthening grassroots development to produce more international-level players.
6. Key Fact: India won 41 medals — 7 gold, 17 silver and 17 bronze — at the 2026 Pickleball World Cup.

Answer: (a) Aizada Seidan

Explanation:

1. Indian para archer Sheetal Devi won her maiden individual gold medal at the Hyundai World Archery Para Series in Ahmedabad.
2. She defeated Kazakhstan’s Aizada Seidan in the compound women’s final.
3. Both archers initially scored 30 points, forcing a shoot-off after Seidan’s two final Xs.
4. Sheetal delivered an X in the deciding round to secure victory.
5. Seidan, ranked 44th in the world, won her first silver medal in the event.
6. India also earned another podium finish, with Sarita winning bronze against China’s Wang Huiting.
7. Key Fact: Sheetal’s victory came ahead of the Aichi-Nagoya 2026 Asian Para Games.

Answer: (b) HONOHON

Explanation:

1. HONOHON is the official mascot of the 20th Asian Games in Aichi-Nagoya, Japan.
2. The Games are scheduled from September 19 to October 4, 2026.
3. The mascot combines the passion of athletes with Shachihoko, a traditional guardian symbol from the host region.
4. Its name is derived from the Japanese word “Honoho,” meaning flame.
5. HONOHON features red colouring, large eyes, Shachihoko-inspired ears and Kabuki-style Kumadori facial markings.
6. The character was designed by Aichi-based graphic designer Yoshiyuki Nakagawa.
7. Key Fact: HONOHON is portrayed as an athlete, supporter and cheerleader who can magically produce imagined sounds.

Answer: (c) Ishan Kishan

Explanation:

1. East Zone won the 2026-27 Duleep Trophy after the final against South Zone ended in a draw.
2. The final was played at Chepauk, Chennai, on September 10, 2026.
3. South Zone were dismissed for 336 runs, while East Zone scored 708 in the first innings.
4. East later declared at 388/7, securing the title through the first-innings lead.
5. Captain Ishan Kishan scored 270 and 80 and was named Player of the Match.
6. Key Fact: Ishan Kishan finished as the tournament’s leading run-scorer with 409 runs.

Answer: (d) 29

Explanation:

1. Indian left-arm spinner Shree Charani reached 50 Women’s T20I wickets in just 29 matches.
2. She achieved the milestone on September 10, 2026, against Bangladesh in Dubai.
3. Charani dismissed Bangladesh opener Juairiya Ferdous during India’s 40-run Asia Cup semifinal victory.
4. She surpassed Kuldeep Yadav’s previous Indian record of 50 T20I wickets in 30 matches.
5. China’s Mengting Liu remains the fastest overall, reaching 50 wickets in 28 matches.
6. Key Fact: Charani became India’s second-youngest woman to reach 50 T20I wickets at 22 years and 37 days.

Answer: (c) Frances Tiafoe

Explanation:

1. American tennis player Ben Shelton reached his first Grand Slam singles final by defeating Frances Tiafoe.
2. Shelton won the US Open semifinal 4-6, 6-3, 6-3, 7-5 in three hours and 17 minutes.
3. The eighth seed became the first Black American man since Arthur Ashe in 1972 to reach the US Open singles final.
4. He also became the first Black male player since Jo-Wilfried Tsonga in 2008 to reach a Grand Slam final.
5. Shelton will face top seed Alexander Zverev, who defeated Karen Khachanov in straight sets.
6. Zverev leads Shelton 5-0 in their previous meetings.
7. Key Fact: Shelton is the first American man to reach the US Open final since 2020.

Answer: (c) Moqi, China

Explanation:

1. India won both the men’s and women’s titles at the AHF Junior Asia Cup 2026.
2. The tournament was held in Moqi, China.
3. The women defeated hosts China 1–0, with Sanika Chandrakant Mane scoring in the 17th minute.
4. The men defeated South Korea 4–1 to win their sixth Junior Asia Cup title.
5. Both Indian teams remained unbeaten throughout the tournament.
6. Both teams qualified for their respective FIH Junior World Cups next year.
7. Key Fact: India secured a golden double by winning both men’s and women’s titles.

Answer: (d) Ben Shelton

Explanation:

1. Alexander Zverev won the 2026 US Open men’s singles title.
2. He defeated American Ben Shelton 6-3, 7-6(2), 5-7, 6-2.
3. The final was played at Arthur Ashe Stadium.
4. Zverev won 85% of points behind his first serve.
5. Shelton took the third set but Zverev regained control in the fourth.
6. Shelton reached his first Grand Slam final and climbed to world No. 4.
7. Key Fact: Zverev became one of only four men in the Open Era to win both Grand Slam titles in the same year.

Answer: (a) Eight

Explanation:

1. India defeated Sri Lanka to win a record-extending eighth Women’s Asia Cup title.
2. India remained unbeaten throughout the tournament.
3. India scored 183/5, with Shafali Verma and Smriti Mandhana hitting half-centuries.
4. Shafali scored 68 from 35 balls and Mandhana made 59 from 39 balls.
5. Shafali recorded the fastest fifty in Women’s T20 Asia Cup history in 24 deliveries.
6. India’s spinners restricted Sri Lanka to 63/3 at the halfway stage and prevented a comeback.
7. Key Fact: India won its eighth Women’s Asia Cup title, the most by any team.

Answer: (b) Elena Rybakina

Explanation:

1. Elena Rybakina won the 2026 US Open women’s singles title.
2. She defeated top seed and defending champion Aryna Sabalenka 6-4, 5-7, 6-2.
3. The final was played at the US Open in New York.
4. Rybakina overcame first-serve struggles and an Achilles tendon issue during the match.
5. The victory made her the world No. 1.
6. She added another Grand Slam title to her Wimbledon and Australian Open victories.
7. Key Fact: Rybakina now needs only the French Open title to complete a career Grand Slam.

Answer: (c) Taylor Townsend and Katerina Siniakova

Explanation:

1. The 2026 US Open produced champions across men’s singles, women’s singles, doubles and mixed doubles.
2. Alexander Zverev defeated Ben Shelton to win the men’s singles title.
3. Elena Rybakina defeated Aryna Sabalenka to claim the women’s singles crown.
4. Neal Skupski and Christian Harrison won the men’s doubles title.
5. Taylor Townsend and Katerina Siniakova won women’s doubles.
6. Karolina Muchova and Jakub Mensik won the mixed doubles title.
7. Key Fact: Taylor Townsend and Katerina Siniakova completed a Career Grand Slam in women’s doubles.

Answer: (a) Karim Maredia

Explanation:

1. Indian-American agricultural scientist Karim Maredia has been selected for the Borlaug CAST Communication Award.
2. The award recognises his efforts to communicate agricultural research and technology to farmers, communities and policymakers.
3. Maredia is a professor and associate dean at Michigan State University and will receive the award on December 10, 2026.
4. Born in a village in Gujarat, he joined Michigan State University in 1989 after working at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center.
5. Through WorldTAP, he has travelled to more than 60 countries and contributed extensively to agricultural research and development.
6. Key Fact: Maredia has helped secure more than USD 55 million for agricultural initiatives.

Answer: (c) Kishor Makwana

Explanation:

1. NCSC Chairman Kishor Makwana will receive the Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Jan Seva Puraskar 2026 on September 9, 2026.
2. The award will be presented during the 16th Sansad Ratna Awards ceremony in Delhi.
3. The honour recognises the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) for its contribution to social justice and protection of Scheduled Castes’ rights.
4. The Prime Point Foundation and Sansad Ratna Awards Jury selected the NCSC for the recognition.
5. The award also acknowledges Makwana’s leadership and contribution as NCSC Chairman.
6. Key Fact: The award will be presented during the 16th Sansad Ratna Awards ceremony.

Answer: (c) Justice Dipak Misra

Explanation:

1. Former Chief Justice of India Justice Dipak Misra received the Kalinga Ratna Award on September 8, 2026.
2. The award was presented by the Sarala Sahitya Sansad in Cuttack.
3. The honour included a silver idol of Goddess Saraswati and a citation.
4. In his address, Misra highlighted the importance of birthplace, cultural identity and constitutional fraternity.
5. He stressed that fraternity should rise above caste, creed, language and social differences while protecting individual dignity.
6. Eminent Odia litterateur Dr Ramachandra Behera also received the Sarala Samman at the ceremony.
7. Key Fact: Ramachandra Behera was honoured for more than six decades of contribution to Odia literature.

Answer: (a) JNV Ukhrul-1

Explanation:

1. JNV Ukhrul-1 of Manipur, representing the Shillong Region, won the 27th National Youth Parliament Competition 2025-26.
2. The school secured the Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Running Parliamentary Shield and trophy.
3. The prize distribution ceremony was held at GMC Balayogi Auditorium, New Delhi.
4. Union Minister Kiren Rijiju presented shields, trophies and prizes to the winners.
5. The competition involved 100 JNVs across eight regions and promotes parliamentary understanding, debate and leadership.
6. Key Fact: The competition is conducted by the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs.

Answer: (b) Salim Khan

Explanation:

1. The 62nd Maharashtra State Film Awards were held on September 9, 2026, at Ravindra Natya Mandir in Mumbai.
2. Veteran screenwriter Salim Khan received the Raj Kapoor Lifetime Achievement Award.
3. Rani Mukerji received the Raj Kapoor Special Contribution Award from Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis.
4. Composer Hridaynath Mangeshkar received the Chitrapati V. Shantaram Lifetime Achievement Award.
5. Sthal emerged as the biggest winner with six awards, while Chabila won Best Film I.
6. Key Fact: The awards recognised films released in 2024.

Answer: (d) US$30,000

Explanation:

1. UNESCO honoured six literacy initiatives from Colombia, Lebanon, Mexico, the Netherlands, Nigeria and Thailand.
2. The awards were presented during International Literacy Day celebrations in Chiapas, Mexico, on September 8–9.
3. The 2026 theme was “Literacy for people, the planet and prosperity.”
4. The King Sejong Literacy Prize recognised initiatives from Colombia, the Netherlands and Nigeria.
5. The Confucius Prize for Literacy honoured initiatives from Lebanon, Mexico and Thailand.
6. Each laureate receives US$30,000 along with a medal and certificate or diploma.
7. Key Fact: Each UNESCO International Literacy Prize laureate receives US$30,000.

Answer: (b) Transforming the Relationship Utilizing Strategic Technology

Explanation:

1. The India-US TRUST Fellowship was launched in Bengaluru in September 2026 to strengthen research cooperation between American researchers and Indian institutions.
2. TRUST stands for “Transforming the Relationship Utilizing Strategic Technology.”
3. The programme supports up to 20 US-based postdoctoral researchers and early-career faculty members for collaborative research of up to 12 months in India.
4. Host institutions include IISc Bengaluru, IIT Madras and Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE).
5. Research areas include AI, semiconductors, quantum computing, biotechnology, energy, defence and space.
6. Key Fact: The fellowship is linked to the bilateral TRUST framework announced by India and the US in February 2025.

Answer: (c) Sweden-India Technology and AI Corridor

Explanation:

1. The IndiaAI Mission under MeitY held a bilateral dialogue with Sweden under the Sweden-India Technology and AI Corridor (SITAC) on September 7, 2026.
2. The discussions focused on cooperation in AI, digitalisation, compute capacity, datasets and indigenous AI models.
3. Other priorities included future skills, startup financing and Safe & Trusted AI.
4. Participants discussed data governance, responsible AI, industrial applications, trusted data and market access.
5. Companies including Autoliv, IKEA, Saab, Sandvik and Volvo Group from Sweden and TCS and Tech Mahindra from India participated.
6. Key Fact: SITAC aims to promote AI pilots, testbeds, co-development and commercial partnerships between India and Sweden.

Answer: (a) Quantum Communication

Explanation:

1. IITM-C-DOT Samgnya Technologies Foundation and QClairvoyance Quantum Labs signed an MoU on September 11, 2026.
2. The agreement aims to advance research, technology development and deployment in quantum technologies.
3. IITM-C-DOT Samgnya was established in December 2025 at IIT Madras Research Park.
4. It serves as India’s National Hub for Quantum Communication under the National Quantum Mission.
5. QClairvoyance works in quantum cybersecurity, drug discovery, education and quantum computing.
6. The partnership covers quantum computing, quantum AI, algorithms, post-quantum cybersecurity and next-generation computing.
7. Key Fact: IITM-C-DOT Samgnya serves as India’s National Hub for Quantum Communication.